5/1/2023 0 Comments Astronomical phenomenaMoments or Phases during a total lunar eclipse ( Figure 2), Ĭontact 1 - Penumbral lunar eclipse beginsĬontact 2 - Partial umbral lunar eclipse beginsĬontact 3 - Total umbral lunar eclipse beginsĬontact 4 - Maximal umbral lunar eclipse magnitudeĬontact 5 - Total umbral lunar eclipse endsĬontact 6 - Partial umbral lunar eclipse endsĪs mentioned before, the moon appears red or orange-red during the totality phase. Such total penumbral eclipses are extremely rare because the ring of the penumbra is approximately as wide as the diameter of the moon. In this setting, the moon should appear only in the penumbra of the earth and not in the umbra. Total lunar penumbra eclipses are almost impossible. Partial penumbral eclipse: The moon appeared only partially into the penumbra. Partial lunar eclipse: Only a part of the moon is covered by Earth’s umbra, the remaining part is still in the penumbra. Total lunar eclipse: The moon occurs during the darkness completely into the umbra of the earth. The geometry of the moon penumbra is a divergent cone, expanding into space.Ĭonsidering the particular of umbra and penumbra, we can distinguish three types of lunar eclipses - : A lunar eclipse can last up to three hours, of which it can be in totality for approximately 1 hour 40 minutes. The maximal totality is at about 188 % (see literature). Therefore, lunar eclipses can have more than 100% magnitude. It is defined as the ratio between the immersion depth in the umbra and the moon radius. This geometry provides a particular characteristic for lunar eclipses, which is called the magnitude (or totality). Considering the positions of Sun and Earth, the umbra is a cone with a length of 1.4 million km and a radius of ca. The umbra geometry of Sun, Earth and Moon is the key to understanding lunar eclipses. In an interactive broadcast we reached visitors from more than 135 countries. The gathered experience of the last two moon eclipses visible from Germany (on Dec, 21 2010 and Jun, 15 2011) will be considered. The author will present how live streams of the moon eclipses can be used to captivate the interest of young listeners for optics and photonics. The scientific content can be focused on geometrical optics but also diffractive and quantum optics can be incorporated successfully. Lenses and lens systems up to astronomical instruments also have a good opportunity to be presented. The principal optics and photonics topics that can be included in such lessons originate from geometrical optics and the basic phenomena of reflection, refraction and total internal reflection. The impact factor of such events is very high, as they are being covered by mass media reports and the Internet, which provides encyclopedic content and discussion in social networks. Among the most amazing and well-known phenomena are the sun and moon eclipses. They have a enthusiastic effect, especially on young people. Astronomical phenomena fascinate people from the very beginning of mankind up to today.
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